This book aims at conducting a relatively comprehensive and comparative review of the status of social security and social protection, broadly conceived, for the people in the EAC countries (Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi) as it exists today (2011). In specific terms, the book seeks to provide a comparative review of the existing legislative framework on formal social security and pension schemes in the five EAC countries in order to contribute towards a harmonised EAC social security, pensions and social protection regime for the entire community. It is also hoped that such a social security regime would contribute to economic development and social protection within the context of the EAC Common Market Protocol and become part of a process of strengthening the EAC integration process as a whole.